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48
python-csi160/json-api-lab/main.py Normal file
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# 4/4/2025 - Charlotte Croce
# JSON API LAB
#
# this program uses the Coinbase API to get a dictionary of currencies and their prices
# the user can search for a currency by symbol and get its name and price
#
import requests
API_URL = "https://api.coinbase.com/v2/currencies"
response = requests.get(API_URL)
# Parse the JSON response
response_data = response.json()
# create dictionary with currency symbol as key and name as value
currency_dict = {currency['id']: currency['name'] for currency in response_data['data']}
# not included in the dictionary because it is many seperate requests
# and takes a while to process
def get_currency_price(symbol):
price_url = f"https://api.coinbase.com/v2/prices/{symbol}-USD/spot"
try:
price_response = requests.get(price_url)
price_data = price_response.json()
return price_data['data']['amount']
except (requests.exceptions.RequestException, KeyError, ValueError):
return "Price unavailable"
def display_list():
# ':<10' creates a 10 character wide column
print(f"{'Symbol':<10} {'Name':<10}")
for symbol, name in currency_dict.items():
print(f"{symbol:<10} {name:<10}")
while True:
# Prompt user for currency symbol
symbol = input("Enter currency symbol ('l' to list currencies')('q' to quit): ").upper()
if symbol == 'Q':
break
# if user enter's 'l' Display currencies as table
if symbol == 'L':
display_list()
# Check if symbol is in dictionary
if symbol in currency_dict:
print(f"\n{currency_dict[symbol]}\n1{symbol} = ${get_currency_price(symbol)}USD\n")
else:
print(f"{symbol} not found")

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python-csi160/json-api-lab/requirements.txt Normal file
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requests

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python-csi160/midterm/part1.py Normal file
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"""
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Basic Function Write a function named exactly "calculate_discounted_price" which receives 2 parameters: price(float)
and discount(float) in percentage, and returns the final price after applying the discount.
Example:
print(calculate_discounted_price(100, 10)) # Output: 90.0
print(calculate_discounted_price(50, 50)) # Output: 25.0
"""
def calculate_discounted_price(price, discount):
return price - (price * discount * .01)
print(calculate_discounted_price(100,10))
print(calculate_discounted_price(50,50))

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python-csi160/midterm/part10.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
This is a bonus question, and it might hard. It is not mandatory to solve it. You can skip it if you want.
Spiral Matrix is a matrix of size 'n x n' filled with numbers from 1 to (n*n) in a spiral order.
Write a function 'spiral_matrix' that receives an integer 'n' as parameter and returns a list of lists representing the spiral matrix.
Examples of Spiral Matrix:
n = 1
[[1]]
n = 2
[[1, 2],
[4, 3]]
n = 3
[[1, 2, 3],
[8, 9, 4],
[7, 6, 5]]
n = 4
[[1, 2, 3, 4],
[12, 13, 14, 5],
[11, 16, 15, 6],
[10, 9, 8, 7]]
Example:
print(spiral_matrix(3))
# Output:
[[1, 2, 3], [8, 9, 4], [7, 6, 5]]
'''
def spiral_matrix(n):
# create an empty n x n matrix filled with zeros
matrix = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
counter = 1
row = 0
col = 0
for i in range(1, n*n):
while col < n - i:
matrix[row][col] = counter
counter += 1
col += 1
while row < n - i:
matrix[row][col] = counter
counter += 1
row += 1
while col > 0 + (i - 1):
matrix[row][col] = counter
counter += 1
col -= 1
while row > 0 + i:
matrix[row][col] = counter
counter += 1
row -= 1
matrix[row][col] = counter
return matrix
print(spiral_matrix(5))
# Output:
[[1, 2, 3], [8, 9, 4], [7, 6, 5]]

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python-csi160/midterm/part2.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Write a function named exactly 'divide_and_remainder' and receive a parameter 'num' and a base 'b' and returns a tuple
where: he first element is the result of integer division, and the second element is the remainder.
Example:
print(divide_and_remainder(10, 3)) # Output: (3, 1)
print(divide_and_remainder(10, 2)) # Output: (5, 0)
'''
def divide_and_remainder(num, b):
return (num // b, num % b)
print(divide_and_remainder(10, 3)) # Output: (3, 1)
print(divide_and_remainder(10, 2)) # Output: (5, 0)

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python-csi160/midterm/part3.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
This question can be challenging, so leave it to the end if you are running out of time.
Lucas Sequence Write a function 'lucas' which receives an integer 'n' as parameter and returns the 'n-th' element of the
lucas sequence. The Lucas sequence is a series of numbers in which each number is the sum of the two preceding just
like fibonacci, but the first two numbers are 2 and 1, instead of 0 and 1. So the sequence goes like this:
2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 18, 29...
Do not use recursion to solve this problem.
Examples:
lucas(0) # returns 2
lucas(1) # returns 1
lucas(2) # returns 3
lucas(5) # returns 11
'''
def lucas(n):
lucas_numbers = [2, 1]
for i in range(2, n + 1):
lucas_numbers.append(lucas_numbers[i - 1] + lucas_numbers[i - 2])
return lucas_numbers[n]
print(lucas(0)) # returns 2
print(lucas(1)) # returns 1
print(lucas(2)) # returns 3
print(lucas(5)) # returns 11

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python-csi160/midterm/part4.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Write a function named exactly "last2" which receives a list of elements as parameter and then return the second element
from the end to the beginning of the list. If the list has less than two elements, the function should return None.
Example:
print(last2(['red', 'blue', 'green', 'yellow'])) # Output: green
print(last2([0,1])) # Output: 0
print(last2([0])) # Output: None
'''
def last2(lst):
if len(lst) < 2:
return None
else:
return lst[-2]
print(last2(['red', 'blue', 'green', 'yellow'])) # Output: green
print(last2([0,1])) # Output: 0
print(last2([0])) # Output: None

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python-csi160/midterm/part5.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Write a function named exactly "median" which receives a list of element as parameter and returns the median value of
the list. The median is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample. If the list has an
even number of elements, the function should return the average of the two middle elements. You should not modify the
original list, but you can sort in a copy of the list.
Example:
median([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) # returns: 3
median([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) # returns: 3.5
'''
def median(numbers):
sortedNums = sorted(numbers)
length = len(sortedNums)
mid = length // 2
if length % 2 == 0: # even number-> avg of middle two
return (sortedNums[mid - 1] + sortedNums[mid]) / 2
else: # odd number-> middle element
return sortedNums[mid]
print(median([1, 3, 2, 4, 5])) # returns: 3
print(median([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])) # returns: 3.5

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python-csi160/midterm/part6.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
You are building a music playlist system. Write a function named 'manage_playlist' which receives 3 paramenters: a
list of song names, a new song name to be added to the end of the playlist, and a song name to be searched in the
playlist. It should return the index of the searched song in the updated playlist (or None if the song is not found).
Example:
playlist = ['Dream On', 'Bohemian Rhapsody', 'Stairway to Heaven']
print(manage_playlist(playlist, 'Hotel California', 'Bohemian Rhapsody')) # Output: 1
print(playlist) # Output: ['Dream On', 'Bohemian Rhapsody', 'Stairway to Heaven', 'Hotel California']
playlist = ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb']
print(manage_playlist(playlist, 'Wish You Were Here', 'Wish You Were Here')) # Output: 2
print(playlist) # Output: ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb', 'Wish You Were Here']
playlist = ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb']
print(manage_playlist(playlist, 'Wish You Were Here', 'Smoking on the Water')) # Output: None
print(playlist) # Output: ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb', 'Wish You Were Here']
'''
def manage_playlist(playlist, new_song, search_song):
playlist.append(new_song)
for i in range(len(playlist)):
if playlist[i] == search_song:
return i
return None
playlist = ['Dream On', 'Bohemian Rhapsody', 'Stairway to Heaven']
print(manage_playlist(playlist, 'Hotel California', 'Bohemian Rhapsody')) # Output: 1
print(playlist) # Output: ['Dream On', 'Bohemian Rhapsody', 'Stairway to Heaven', 'Hotel California']
playlist = ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb']
print(manage_playlist(playlist, 'Wish You Were Here', 'Wish You Were Here')) # Output: 2
print(playlist) # Output: ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb', 'Wish You Were Here']
playlist = ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb']
print(manage_playlist(playlist, 'Wish You Were Here', 'Smoking on the Water')) # Output: None
print(playlist) # Output: ['Imagine', 'Confortably Numb', 'Wish You Were Here']

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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Write a function named 'split_full_name' which receives a parameter 'full_name' with 2 or more surnames and returns a
tuple with the last name and the first name. The full name will be a string with the following format:
"first_name middle1 middle2 ... lastname" where middle1, middle2, ... are optional middle names and the last word is the
last name. The function should return a tuple with the last name and the first name. If the full name has only one
word, the function should return a tuple with the word as the last name and an empty string as the first name.
Example:
print(split_full_name("John Doe")) # Output: ('Doe', 'John')
print(split_full_name("John Doe Smith")) # Output: ('Smith', 'John')
print(split_full_name("John")) # Output: ('John', '')
print(split_full_name("John Doe Smith Lee")) # Output: ('Lee', 'John')
'''
def split_full_name(full_name):
namelist = full_name.split(" ")
if len(namelist) < 2:
return (namelist[0], '')
return (namelist[-1], namelist[0])
print(split_full_name("John Doe")) # Output: ('Doe', 'John')
print(split_full_name("John Doe Smith")) # Output: ('Smith', 'John')
print(split_full_name("John")) # Output: ('John', '')
print(split_full_name("John Doe Smith Lee")) # Output: ('Lee', 'John')

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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Write a function named 'countdown' which receives a parameter 'n' and returns a list with the countdown from 'n' to 0
both included. If 'n' is less than 0, the function should return an empty list.
Example:
print(countdown(5)) # Output: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
print(countdown(0)) # Output: [0]
print(countdown(-1)) # Output: []
print(countdown(10)) # Output: [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
'''
def countdown(n):
lst = []
for i in range(n, -1, -1):
lst.append(i)
return lst
print(countdown(5)) # Output: [5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
print(countdown(0)) # Output: [0]
print(countdown(-1)) # Output: []
print(countdown(10)) # Output: [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]

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python-csi160/midterm/part9.py Normal file
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'''
Do not use AI! You can schedule to try again if you have a bad grade!
Write a functon named 'above_main_diagonal' which receives a square matrix as parameter and returns the sum of the
elements above the main diagonal. The main diagonal is the one that goes from the top-left to the bottom-right of the
matrix. A number is characterized as above the main diagonal if its row index is less than its column index. The matrix
will always have at least one element.
Example:
matrix = [[1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1]]
print(above_main_diagonal(matrix)) # Output: 3. It will sum 1+1+1
matrix = [[1, 2, 3, 4],
[5, 6, 7, 8],
[9, 10, 11, 12],
[13, 14, 15, 16]]
print(above_main_diagonal(matrix)) # Output: 36. It will sum 2+3+4+7+8+12
'''
def above_main_diagonal(matrix):
sum = 0
for row in range(len(matrix)):
for col in range(len(matrix[0])):
if row < col:
sum += matrix[row][col]
return sum
matrix = [[1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1]]
print(above_main_diagonal(matrix)) # Output: 3. It will sum 1+1+1
matrix = [[1, 2, 3, 4],
[5, 6, 7, 8],
[9, 10, 11, 12],
[13, 14, 15, 16]]
print(above_main_diagonal(matrix)) # Output: 36. It will sum 2+3+4+7+8+12

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python-csi160/ollama/ollama.py Normal file
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# in a seperate terminal:
# ollama run gemma2
import requests
prompt = "Why the sky is blue?"
data = {
"model": "gemma2:2b",
"prompt": prompt,
"stream": False
}
response = requests.post("http://localhost:11434/api/generate", json=data)
json_response = response.json()
message = json_response["response"]
print(message)

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python-csi160/password-manager/password-manager.py Normal file
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import pickle
import sys
import random
import string
# The password list - We start with it populated for testing purposes
entries = {'yahoo': {'username': 'johndoe', 'password': 'cus#u%S tu', 'url': 'https://www.yahoo.com'},
'google': {'username': 'johndoe', 'password': '`q$$( #tABCD^ %fu#*W t', 'url': 'https://www.google.com'}}
# The password file name to store the data to
password_file_name = "PasswordFile.pickle"
# The encryption key for the caesar cypher
encryption_key = 16
menu_text = """
What would you like to do:
1. Open password file
2. Add an entry
3. Lookup an entry
4. Save password file
5. Quit program
6. Print dictionary for testing
7. Delete an entry
8. Edit an entry
Please enter a number (1-8)"""
def password_encrypt(unencrypted_message, key):
"""Returns an encrypted message using a caesar cypher
:param unencryptedMessage (string)
:param key (int) The offset to be used for the caesar cypher
:return (string) The encrypted message
"""
result_string = ''
min_limit = 32
max_limit = 126
for character in unencrypted_message:
value = ord(character) - min_limit + key
value = value % (max_limit - min_limit + 1)
value = value + min_limit
result_string = result_string + chr(value)
return result_string
def password_decrypt(encrypted_message, key):
"""Returns a decrypted message.
:param encrypted_message (string):
:param key (int) The offset that was used to encrypt the message
:return (string): The decrypted message
"""
return password_encrypt(encrypted_message, -key)
def load_password_file():
"""Loads a password file. The file must be in the same directory as the .py file
"""
global entries, encryption_key
try:
entries, encryption_key = pickle.load(open(password_file_name, "rb"))
print(f"Password file '{password_file_name}' loaded successfully!")
except FileNotFoundError:
print(f"File '{password_file_name}' not found. Starting with an empty dictionary.")
entries = {}
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error loading file: {e}")
def save_password_file():
"""Saves a password file. The file will be created if it doesn't exist.
"""
try:
pickle.dump((entries, encryption_key), open(password_file_name, "wb"))
print(f"Password file '{password_file_name}' saved successfully!")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error saving file: {e}")
def generate_random_password(length=12):
"""Generates a random password that meets complexity requirements.
The generated password will:
- Be at least 8 characters long (default 12)
- Contain at least one uppercase letter
- Contain at least one lowercase letter
- Contain at least one digit
- Contain at least one special character
:param length (int): Length of the password to generate (minimum 8)
:return (string): A randomly generated password meeting all requirements
"""
if length < 8:
length = 8 # Enforce minimum length
# Define character sets
uppercase_letters = string.ascii_uppercase
lowercase_letters = string.ascii_lowercase
digits = string.digits
special_chars = "!@#$%^&*()-_=+[]{}|;:,.<>?"
# Ensure we have at least one of each required character type
password = [
random.choice(uppercase_letters),
random.choice(lowercase_letters),
random.choice(digits),
random.choice(special_chars)
]
# Fill the rest with random characters from all allowed sets
all_chars = uppercase_letters + lowercase_letters + digits + special_chars
for _ in range(length - 4):
password.append(random.choice(all_chars))
# Shuffle the password
random.shuffle(password)
# Convert list to string
return ''.join(password)
def check_password_complexity(password):
"""Checks if a password meets complexity requirements.
Requirements:
- At least 8 characters long
- Contains at least one uppercase letter
- Contains at least one lowercase letter
- Contains at least one digit
- Contains at least one special character
:param password (string): The password to check
:return (tuple): (bool, string) - True if the password meets all requirements,
False otherwise, and a message explaining the result
"""
# Check length
if len(password) < 8:
return False, "Password must be at least 8 characters long."
# Check for uppercase letter
if not any(char.isupper() for char in password):
return False, "Password must contain at least one uppercase letter."
# Check for lowercase letter
if not any(char.islower() for char in password):
return False, "Password must contain at least one lowercase letter."
# Check for digit
if not any(char.isdigit() for char in password):
return False, "Password must contain at least one digit."
# Check for special character
special_chars = "!@#$%^&*()-_+=<>?/[]{}|\\~`"
if not any(char in special_chars for char in password):
return False, "Password must contain at least one special character."
return True, "Password meets all complexity requirements."
def add_entry():
"""Adds an entry with an entry title, username, password and url
Includes all user interface interactions to get the necessary information from the user
"""
try:
entry_title = input("Enter entry title: ")
username = input("Enter username: ")
# Explain password requirements
print("\nPassword requirements:")
print("- At least 8 characters long")
print("- Contains at least one uppercase letter")
print("- Contains at least one lowercase letter")
print("- Contains at least one digit")
print("- Contains at least one special character\n")
# Ask if user wants to generate a random password
gen_password = input("Would you like to generate a random password? (y/n): ")
if gen_password.lower() == 'y':
# Ask for desired password length
try:
length = int(input("Enter desired password length (minimum 8, default 12): ") or "12")
if length < 8:
print("Password length must be at least 8. Setting to 8.")
length = 8
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input. Using default length of 12.")
length = 12
# Generate the password
password = generate_random_password(length)
print(f"Generated password: {password}")
is_valid = True
else:
# Get and validate manual password
print("Enter your password manually:")
while True:
password = input("Enter password: ")
is_valid, message = check_password_complexity(password)
if is_valid:
print(message)
break
else:
print(message)
print("Please try again with a stronger password.")
url = input("Enter URL: ")
# Encrypt the password
encrypted_password = password_encrypt(password, encryption_key)
# Add the new entry to the entries dictionary
entries[entry_title] = {
'username': username,
'password': encrypted_password,
'url': url
}
print(f"Entry '{entry_title}' added successfully!")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error adding entry: {e}")
def print_entry():
"""Asks the user for the name of the entry and prints all related information in a pretty format.
Includes all information about an entry.
"""
try:
print("Which entry do you want to lookup the information for?")
for key in entries:
print(key)
entry = input('Enter entry name: ')
# Check if the entry exists
if entry in entries:
entry_data = entries[entry]
# Decrypt the password
decrypted_password = password_decrypt(entry_data['password'], encryption_key)
# Print the entry information
print("\n--- Entry Information ---")
print(f"Entry: {entry}")
print(f"Username: {entry_data['username']}")
print(f"Password: {decrypted_password}")
print(f"URL: {entry_data['url']}")
print("------------------------\n")
else:
print(f"Entry '{entry}' not found!")
except KeyError:
print(f"Error: The entry does not exist or has incomplete data.")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error looking up entry: {e}")
def delete_entry():
"""Deletes an entry from the password manager.
Asks the user for the entry name to delete and removes it if it exists.
This is additional feature #1.
"""
try:
print("Which entry do you want to delete?")
for key in entries:
print(key)
entry = input('Enter entry name: ')
# Check if the entry exists
if entry in entries:
# Ask for confirmation
confirm = input(f"Are you sure you want to delete '{entry}'? (y/n): ")
if confirm.lower() == 'y':
# Remove the entry
del entries[entry]
print(f"Entry '{entry}' deleted successfully!")
else:
print("Deletion cancelled.")
else:
print(f"Entry '{entry}' not found!")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error deleting entry: {e}")
def edit_entry():
"""Allows the user to edit an existing entry in the password manager.
The user can update the username, password, and/or URL.
This is additional feature #2.
"""
try:
print("Which entry do you want to edit?")
for key in entries:
print(key)
entry = input('Enter entry name: ')
# Check if the entry exists
if entry in entries:
entry_data = entries[entry]
print(f"\nEditing entry: {entry}")
# Get current values for reference
current_username = entry_data['username']
current_url = entry_data['url']
# Update username
new_username = input(f"Enter new username (current: {current_username}) or press Enter to keep current: ")
if new_username:
entry_data['username'] = new_username
# Update password
update_password = input("Do you want to update the password? (y/n): ")
if update_password.lower() == 'y':
# Explain password requirements
print("\nPassword requirements:")
print("- At least 8 characters long")
print("- Contains at least one uppercase letter")
print("- Contains at least one lowercase letter")
print("- Contains at least one digit")
print("- Contains at least one special character (!@#$%^&*()-_+=<>?/[]{}|\\~`)\n")
# Ask if user wants to generate a random password
gen_password = input("Would you like to generate a random password? (y/n): ")
if gen_password.lower() == 'y':
# Ask for desired password length
try:
length = int(input("Enter desired password length (minimum 8, default 12): ") or "12")
if length < 8:
print("Password length must be at least 8. Setting to 8.")
length = 8
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input. Using default length of 12.")
length = 12
# Generate the password
new_password = generate_random_password(length)
print(f"Generated password: {new_password}")
# Encrypt the new password
entry_data['password'] = password_encrypt(new_password, encryption_key)
else:
# Get and validate new password manually
while True:
new_password = input("Enter new password: ")
is_valid, message = check_password_complexity(new_password)
if is_valid:
print(message)
# Encrypt the new password
entry_data['password'] = password_encrypt(new_password, encryption_key)
break
else:
print(message)
print("Please try again with a stronger password.")
# Update URL
new_url = input(f"Enter new URL (current: {current_url}) or press Enter to keep current: ")
if new_url:
entry_data['url'] = new_url
print(f"Entry '{entry}' updated successfully!")
else:
print(f"Entry '{entry}' not found!")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error editing entry: {e}")
def end_program():
"""Exits the program.
"""
sys.exit()
def print_dictionary():
"""Prints the current entries dictionary.
For testing purposes only.
"""
print(entries)
# Menu dictionary mapping user choices to functions
menu_dict = {'1': load_password_file,
'2': add_entry,
'3': print_entry,
'4': save_password_file,
'5': end_program,
'6': print_dictionary,
'7': delete_entry,
'8': edit_entry}
# Main program loop
while True:
try:
user_choice = input(menu_text)
if user_choice in menu_dict and menu_dict[user_choice]:
menu_dict[user_choice]()
else:
print('Not a valid choice')
except Exception as e:
print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

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# this program says hello and asks for name, age
print('Hello world!')
print('What is your name?')
myName = input()
print('It is good to meet you, ' + myName)
print('The length of your name is:')
print(len(myName))
print('What is your age?')
myAge = input()
print('You will be ' + str(int(myAge) + 1) + ' in a year.')

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Install from here:
https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download
Get license from here:
https://www.jetbrains.com/community/education

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# This program reads two numbers and prints their sum:
a = int(input('Enter first number: '))
b = int(input('Enter second number: '))
c = int(input('Enter third number: '))
print(a + b + c)
# Can you change it so it can read and sum three numbers?

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# Get the user's name
name = input('Enter your name:\n')
# Print hello statement
print("Hello, " + name + "!")

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# Read an integer:
number = int(input('Enter a number:\n'))
# Print output for next and previous that matches the instructions
print("The next number for the number " + str(number) + " is " + str(number + 1))
print("The previous number for the number " + str(number) + " is " + str(number - 1))

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# Read the numbers b and h like this:
base = float(input('Enter Base: '))
height = float(input('Enter Height: '))
# Print the result with print()
area = 0.5 * (base * height)
print(area)

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# Read the numbers like this:
num_students = int(input("Number of students: "))
num_apples = int(input("Number of apples: "))
# Print the result with print()
print(num_apples // num_students)
print(num_apples % num_students)

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# Read an integer:
seconds_past_midnight = int(input())
full_hours_past_midnight = (seconds_past_midnight // 3600) % 24
full_minutes_past_midnight = (seconds_past_midnight // 60) % 1440
print (full_hours_past_midnight, full_minutes_past_midnight)

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# Input the data
cupcake_dollars = int(input())
cupcake_cents = int(input())
num_cupcakes = int(input())
# Your code here
total_cost_cents = (((cupcake_dollars * 100) + cupcake_cents) * num_cupcakes)
total_cost_dollars = total_cost_cents // 100
total_cost_cents = total_cost_cents % 100
print(total_cost_dollars, total_cost_cents)

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"""
Author: Charlotte Croce
Class: CSI160
Assignment: Week 2: Lab - Conversation with a Computer
Due Date: 1/27/25
Certification of Authenticity:
I certify that this is entirely my own work, except where I have given
fully-documented references to the work of others. I understand the definition
and consequences of plagiarism and acknowledge that the assessor of this
assignment may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment:
- Reproduce this assignment and provide a copy to another member of academic
- staff; and/or Communicate a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism checking
- service (which may then retain a copy of this assignment on its database for
- the purpose of future plagiarism checking)
"""
"""
Write a program that has a conversation with the user. The program must ask for strings, integers and floats as input.
The program must ask for at least 4 different inputs from the user. The program must reuse atleast 4 of these inputs in what it displays on the screen.
The program must perform at least 2 arithmetic operations on the numbers the user inputs. Please turn in your .py file.
"""
print("hello! i am a robot. beep beep")
# ask for name
name = input("what is your name?")
# say hi and ask for favorite color
favorite_color = input("hello " + name + ", what is your favorite color?")
# ask if user likes ice cream
user_likes_icecream = input("mine too, do you like Ice Cream?")
# answer differently based on whether user answers 'yes' or not
if(user_likes_icecream.lower() == "yes"):
print("me too!")
else:
print("okay, not for everyone")
# ask for age
age = int(input(name + ", how old are you?"))
# ask for number of siblings
siblings = int(input("...and how many siblings do you have?"))
# display how many kids you a part of; ask if favorite color is shared by anyone in the house
is_favorite_color_of_house = input("that means you are one of " + str(siblings + 1) + " kid(s). is " + favorite_color + " the favorite color of anyone else in your house?")
# answer differently based on whether user answers 'yes' or not
if(is_favorite_color_of_house.lower() == "yes"):
print("good you can agree")
else:
print("too bad")
# ask for parent's age
parent_age = int(input('how old is one of your parents?'))
# respond with age of parents when they had the user
print("that means they were likely " + str(parent_age - age) + " when they had you")
# ask for GPA
gpa = float(input("what is your GPA[4-point scale]?"))
# answer differently based on the GPA value entered
if(gpa >= 3.5):
print("great job!")
elif(gpa >= 2.5):
print("keep it up!")
else:
print("time to study more!")
print("goodbye!")

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number = int(input('Enter a two digit number: '))
# Print the two digits of the number seperated by a space
print((number // 10),(number % 10))

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# Read an integer:
number = int(input('Enter a two digit number: '))
# Print the digits reversed
print(str(number % 10) + str(number // 10))

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# Read an integer:
number = int(input('Enter a 3 digit number: '))
# Print the sum of the digits:
a = ((number // 100) + (number % 100 // 10) + (number % 10))
print(a)

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def days_to_hours(days):
""" Converts days to hours
Arguments:
days (int): number of days as an integer
Return:
number of hours (int)
Assumptions:
days must be an int
"""
return days * 24
print('Days to hours:', days_to_hours(3))
hours = days_to_hours(2)
def days_to_minutes(days):
""" Converts days to minutes
Arguments:
days (int): number of days as an integer
Return:
number of minutes (int)
Assumptions:
days must be an int
"""
return days_to_hours(days) * 60
def days_to_seconds(days):
""" Converts days to seconds
Arguments:
days (int): number of days as an integer
Return:
number of seconds (int)
Assumptions:
days must be an int
"""
return days_to_minutes(days) * 60

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def celsius_to_fahrenheit(temperature_in_celcius):
"""This function converts a number from Celcius to Fahrenheit
Arguments:
temperature_in_celcius (float): The remperature to convert
Returns:
float: The temperature in Fahrenheit
Assumptions:
Assumes that temperature_in_celcius is a float
"""
return (temperature_in_celcius * 1.8) + 32

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from math import pi # This lets you refer to pi in your code
def volume_cone(radius, height):
"""Computes volume of a cone
:param radius: positive float
:param height: positive float
:return: volume of given cone
"""
return 1/3 * pi * (radius*radius) * height

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"""
Author: Charlotte Croce
Class: CSI 160
Assignment: Week 3 Lab
Due Date: 2/3/25
Certification of Authenticity:
I certify that this is entirely my own work, except where I have given
fully-documented references to the work of others. I understand the definition
and consequences of plagiarism and acknowledge that the assessor of this
assignment may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment:
- Reproduce this assignment and provide a copy to another member of academic
- staff; and/or Communicate a copy of this assignment to a plagiarism checking
- service (which may then retain a copy of this assignment on its database for
- the purpose of future plagiarism checking)
"""
from math import pi
def fahrenheit_to_celcius(temperature_in_fahrenheit):
"""This function converts a number from Fahrenheit to Celcius
:param temperature_in_fahrenheit (float): The temperature to convert
:return (float): The temperature in Fahrenheit
Assumptions: temperature_in_fahrenheit is a float
"""
try:
return round(((temperature_in_fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9), 2)
except TypeError:
print("invalid input: input floats please")
return
celcius_temp = float(input("---\n1. temp in fahrenheit: "))
print("1. coverted to celcius:", fahrenheit_to_celcius(celcius_temp))
def cylinder_volume(radius, height):
"""Computes volume of a cylinder
:param radius: positive float
:param height: positive float
:return: volume of cylinder
Assumptions: inputs are floats
"""
try:
return round((pi * (radius*radius) * height), 2)
except TypeError:
print("invalid input: input floats please")
return
cylinder_radius = float(input("---\n2. cylinder radius: "))
cylinder_height = float(input("2. cylinder height: "))
print("2. cylinder volume:", cylinder_volume(cylinder_radius, cylinder_height))
def surface_area_rectangular_prism(length, width, height):
"""Computes surface area of a rectangular prism
:param length: positive float
:param width: positive float
:param height: positive float
:return: surface area of a rectangular prism
Assumptions: inputs are floats
"""
try:
return round((2 * ((length*width)+(length*height)+(width*height))), 2)
except TypeError:
print("invalid input: input floats please")
return
rectangular_prism_length = float(input("---\n3. rectangular prism length: "))
rectangular_prism_width = float(input("3. rectangular prism width: "))
rectangular_prism_height = float(input("3. rectangular prism height: "))
print("3. rectangular prism surface area:", surface_area_rectangular_prism(rectangular_prism_length,rectangular_prism_width,rectangular_prism_height))

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number = int(input('Enter an integer: '))
# Determine odd or even
if number % 2 == 0:
print("even")
else:
print("odd")

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def is_legal_bishop_move(initial_x, initial_y, final_x, final_y):
"""Returns True / False whether a given move is a legal move for the Bishop.
This function assumes that there are no other pieces on the board.
:param initial_x: (int) Horizontal 1-8
:param initial_y: (int) Vertical 1-8
:param final_x: (int) Horizontal 1-8
:param final_y: (int) Vertical 1-8
:return: (bool) True / False if it is a legal move
"""
# Complete this function
if initial_x == final_x and initial_y == final_y:
return False
return abs(initial_x - final_x) == abs(initial_y - final_y)
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('(4, 4, 3, 5) It is', is_legal_bishop_move(4, 4, 3, 5), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(1, 4, 4, 7) It is', is_legal_bishop_move(1, 4, 4, 7), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(5, 4, 2, 1) It is', is_legal_bishop_move(5, 4, 2, 1), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(5, 4, 1, 1) It is', is_legal_bishop_move(5, 4, 1, 1), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(5, 4, 6, 4) It is', is_legal_bishop_move(5, 4, 6, 4), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(1, 1, 1, 1) It is', is_legal_bishop_move(1, 1, 1, 1), 'that this is a legal move')

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number1 = int(input('Enter an integer: '))
number2 = int(input('Enter an integer: '))
# Print the smaller number
if number1 < number2:
print(number1)
else:
print(number2)

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num = int(input('Enter a number: '))
# Print out result
if num > 0:
print("1")
elif num < 0:
print("-1")
else:
print("0")

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year = int(input('Enter the year: '))
# Prints Yes or No based on if year is in the 21st century
if year >= 2001 and year <= 2100:
print("YES")
else:
print("NO")

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def one_positive(num1, num2):
"""Given two non-zero integers, returns True if exactly one of
them is positive and returns False otherwise.
:param num1: non-zero integer
:param num2: non-zero integer
:return: True / False
"""
# Complete this function
return (num1 > 0) ^ (num2 > 0)
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('(5, 7) It is', one_positive(5, 7), 'that only one of these numbers is positive')
print('(-5, -7) It is', one_positive(-5, -7), 'that only one of these numbers is positive')
print('(5, -7) It is', one_positive(5, -7), 'that only one of these numbers is positive')

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def ascending_digits(num):
"""Given a three-digit integer X consisting of three different digits,
returns True if its three digits are going in an ascending
order from left to right and returns False otherwise.
:param num: three digit integer
:return: True / False
"""
# Complete this function
# Hint: assign variables for each digit first
# then build the comparison
a = num // 100
b = num % 100 // 10
c = num % 10
ascending=False
if a < b and b < c:
ascending = True
return ascending
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('(136) It is', ascending_digits(136), 'that the digits are ascending')
print('(462) It is', ascending_digits(462), 'that the digits are ascending')
print('(823) It is', ascending_digits(823), 'that the digits are ascending')

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month = int(input('Enter the month: '))
if month == 1 or month == 3 or month == 5 or month == 7 or month == 8 or month == 10 or month == 12:
print("31")
elif month == 4 or month == 6 or month == 9 or month == 11:
print("30")
else:
print("28")
'''
month = month.lower()
if month == "january" or month == "march" or month == "may" or month == "july" or month == "august" or month == "october" or month == "december":
print("31")
elif month == "april" or month == "june" or month == "september" or month == "november":
print("30")
else:
print("28")
'''

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def is_legal_rook_move(initial_x, initial_y, final_x, final_y):
"""Returns True / False whether a given move is a legal move for the Rook.
This function assumes that there are no other pieces on the board.
:param initial_x: (int) Horizontal 1-8
:param initial_y: (int) Vertical 1-8
:param final_x: (int) Horizontal 1-8
:param final_y: (int) Vertical 1-8
:return: (bool) True / False if it is a legal move
"""
# Complete this function
return (initial_x != final_x) ^ (initial_y != final_y)
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('(4, 4, 5, 5) It is', is_legal_rook_move(4, 4, 5, 5), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(1, 4, 6, 4) It is', is_legal_rook_move(1, 4, 6, 4), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(1, 4, 1, 7) It is', is_legal_rook_move(1, 4, 1, 7), 'that this is a legal move')

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def is_legal_king_move(initial_x, initial_y, final_x, final_y):
"""Returns True / False whether a given move is a legal move for the King.
This function assumes that there are no other pieces on the board.
:param initial_x: (int) Horizontal 1-8
:param initial_y: (int) Vertical 1-8
:param final_x: (int) Horizontal 1-8
:param final_y: (int) Vertical 1-8
:return: (bool) True / False if it is a legal move
"""
# Complete this function
if initial_x == final_x and initial_y == final_y:
return False
return abs(initial_x - final_x) <= 1 and abs(initial_y - final_y) <= 1
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('(4, 4, 5, 5) It is', is_legal_king_move(4, 4, 5, 5), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(1, 4, 6, 4) It is', is_legal_king_move(1, 4, 6, 4), 'that this is a legal move')
print('(1, 4, 1, 3) It is', is_legal_king_move(1, 4, 1, 3), 'that this is a legal move')

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python-csi160/week04/week04_labs/croce_week04_lab_01.py Normal file
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#1. Implement a voting test. The user enters their age and then the program prints either,
# “You must be 18 to vote” or “You are of voting age”.
def voting_test():
age = int(input("age: "))
if age >= 18:
print("You are of voting age")
else:
print("You must be 18 to vote")
voting_test()

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python-csi160/week04/week04_labs/croce_week04_lab_02.py Normal file
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#2. Ask the user to enter a grade percentage. Convert the grade into a letter
# grade using the official Champlain College grading scale. For instance, if the user
# types 99 then print A+.
def grade_to_letter():
grade = int(input("GPA (100pt scale): "))
if grade >= 97: letter = "A+"
elif grade >= 93: letter = "A"
elif grade >= 90: letter = "A-"
elif grade >= 87: letter = "B+"
elif grade >= 83: letter = "B"
elif grade >= 80: letter = "B-"
elif grade >= 77: letter = "C+"
elif grade >= 73: letter = "C"
elif grade >= 70: letter = "C-"
elif grade >= 67: letter = "C+"
elif grade >= 63: letter = "C"
elif grade >= 60: letter = "C-"
else: letter = "F"
print(letter)
grade_to_letter()

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# 3. Write a program that asks for two numbers. If the sum of the numbers is greater than
# 100, print "They add up to a big number" if it is less than/equal to 100 than print "They add up to ____".
def add_to_big_number():
num1 = int(input("num1: "))
num2 = int(input("num2: "))
sum = num1 + num2
if sum > 100:
print("They add up to a big number")
else:
print("They add up to " + str(sum))
add_to_big_number()

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#4. Implement a random number guessing game. The computer will pick a number at random from
# 0-9, the user will be asked to guess the number. Inform the user if they get the answer correct.
from random import randint
def random_number_game():
num = randint(0,9)
guess = int(input("random number guess(0-9): "))
if guess == num:
print("correct! you win")
else:
print("incorrect, the anser was", num)
random_number_game()

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# 5. Write a function to compute whether a given year is a leap year in the Hebrew calendar.
def is_hebrew_leap_year(year):
year_of_cycle = year % 19
if year_of_cycle in (3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19):
print(str(year) + " is year number " + str(year_of_cycle) + " of the cycle and is therefore a leap year.")
else:
print(str(year) + " is year number " + str(year_of_cycle) + " of the cycle and is therefore NOT a leap year.")
is_hebrew_leap_year(5779)
is_hebrew_leap_year(5780)

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#1. Implement a voting test. The user enters their age and then the program prints either,
# “You must be 18 to vote” or “You are of voting age”.
def voting_test():
age = int(input("age: "))
if age >= 18:
print("You are of voting age")
else:
print("You must be 18 to vote")
voting_test()
#2. Ask the user to enter a grade percentage. Convert the grade into a letter
# grade using the official Champlain College grading scale. For instance, if the user
# types 99 then print A+.
def grade_to_letter():
grade = int(input("GPA (100pt scale): "))
if grade >= 97: letter = "A+"
elif grade >= 93: letter = "A"
elif grade >= 90: letter = "A-"
elif grade >= 87: letter = "B+"
elif grade >= 83: letter = "B"
elif grade >= 80: letter = "B-"
elif grade >= 77: letter = "C+"
elif grade >= 73: letter = "C"
elif grade >= 70: letter = "C-"
elif grade >= 67: letter = "C+"
elif grade >= 63: letter = "C"
elif grade >= 60: letter = "C-"
else: letter = "F"
print(letter)
grade_to_letter()
# 3. Write a program that asks for two numbers. If the sum of the numbers is greater than
# 100, print "They add up to a big number" if it is less than/equal to 100 than print "They add up to ____".
def add_to_big_number():
num1 = int(input("num1: "))
num2 = int(input("num2: "))
sum = num1 + num2
if sum > 100:
print("They add up to a big number")
else:
print("They add up to " + str(sum))
add_to_big_number()
#4. Implement a random number guessing game. The computer will pick a number at random from
# 0-9, the user will be asked to guess the number. Inform the user if they get the answer correct.
from random import randint
def random_number_game():
num = randint(0,9)
guess = int(input("random number guess(0-9): "))
if guess == num:
print("correct! you win")
else:
print("incorrect, the anser was", num)
random_number_game()
# 5. Write a function to compute whether a given year is a leap year in the Hebrew calendar.
def is_hebrew_leap_year(year):
year_of_cycle = year % 19
if year_of_cycle in (3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19):
print(str(year) + " is year number " + str(year_of_cycle) + " of the cycle and is therefore a leap year.")
else:
print(str(year) + " is year number " + str(year_of_cycle) + " of the cycle and is therefore NOT a leap year.")
is_hebrew_leap_year(5779)
is_hebrew_leap_year(5780)

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# Charlotte Croce
# CSI 160: week5 lab
# 2/13/2025
import math
def number_of_zeros(grades):
"""Given a list of grades, determines the number of grades that are 0%
params:
grades (list of floats) - The grades to search. Example [75, 82.5, 97, 0, 87.5]
return (int) - the number of 0% grades
"""
count = 0
for grade in grades:
if grade == 0:
count += 1
return count
def median(numbers):
"""Find the median of the given list of numbers.
How to find the median:
https://www.mathsisfun.com/median.html
Note: Write your own implementation and do not use any libraries. You will need to sort the list.
params:
numbers (list) A list containing either int or float elements
return (numeric) The median value as either an int or float
"""
numbers.sort()
length = len(numbers)
middle = length // 2
if length % 2 == 0: # even number-> avg of middle two
return (numbers[middle - 1] + numbers[middle]) / 2
else: # odd number-> middle element
return numbers[middle]
def top_quartile(grades):
"""Return the top 25% of the grades in the supplied list of grades. Round up when determining how many grades to include in the top 25%.
Hint: You will need to sort the list of grades
params:
grades (list of floats) Example [75, 82.5, 97, 0, 87.5]
return (list of floats) - The top 25%
"""
grades.sort()
quarter = math.ceil(len(grades) / 4)
return grades[-quarter:]
def domain_name_extractor(url):
"""Given a url, return the domain name
You will need to utilize the .find method to complete this https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.find
Hint: Find the starting point of the domain name, then find the end point.
params:
url (string) the url to search. Example: https://docs.python.org/3/library
return (string) The domain name or IP address. Example: docs.python.org
"""
start_index = url.find('//') + 2 # find the start of the domain name after http(s)://
end_index = url.find('/', start_index) # starting search from start_index
if end_index == -1: # no '/' found after domain name, or it's the last character
return url[start_index:]
return url[start_index:end_index]
def test_number_of_zeros():
print('Running number_of_zeros tests:')
print('Test 1 passed -', number_of_zeros([75.0, 0.0, 97.0, 0.0, 87.5]) == 2)
print('Test 2 passed -', number_of_zeros([]) == 0)
def test_median():
print('Running median tests:')
print('Test 1 passed -', median([10, 5, 8, 4, -1]) == 5)
print('Test 2 passed -', median([10, 8, 4, -1]) == 6)
def test_top_quartile():
print('Running top_quartile tests:')
print('Test 1 passed -', top_quartile([97, 92.5, 84, 79, 67]) == [92.5, 97])
print('Test 2 passed -', top_quartile([92.5, 86, 89, 75]) == [92.5])
def test_domain_name_extractor():
print('Running domain_name_extractor tests:')
print('Test 1 passed -', domain_name_extractor('https://champlain.instructure.com/courses/8933') == 'champlain.instructure.com')
print('Test 2 passed -', domain_name_extractor('ftp://champlain.edu/myfile.pdf') == 'champlain.edu')
print('Running Unit Tests\n')
test_number_of_zeros()
print()
test_median()
print()
test_top_quartile()
print()
test_domain_name_extractor()

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def first_element(list_to_search):
"""Returns the first element of the supplied list. Returns None if the list was empty"""
if len(list_to_search) == 0:
return None
return list_to_search[0]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('[4, 2, 15, 5] The first_element returns', first_element([4, 2, 15, 5]))
print('[] The first_element returns', first_element([]))

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def second_element(list_to_search):
"""Returns the second element of the supplied list. Returns None if list contains less than 2 elements"""
if len(list_to_search) < 2:
return None
return list_to_search[1]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('[4, 2, 15, 5] The second_element returns', second_element([4, 2, 15, 5]))
print('[3] The second_element returns', second_element([3]))

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def last_element(list_to_search):
"""Returns the last element of the supplied list.
Returns None if the list is empty"""
if len(list_to_search) == 0:
return None
return list_to_search[-1]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('[4, 2, 15, 5] The last_element returns', last_element([4, 2, 15, 5]))
print('[] The last_element returns', last_element([]))

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def area_code(phone_number):
""" Given a phone number in the format: 802-555-1212
extract the first 3 characters and return this as a string
:param phone_number: (str) Must be formatted "XXX-XXX-XXXX"
:return: (str) 3 digit area_code
"""
return phone_number[:3]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('"802-555-1212" area_code returns', area_code("802-555-1212"))
print('"410-617-3452" area_code returns', area_code("410-617-3452"))

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def last_four_digits(phone_number):
""" Returns the last 4 digits of a phone number as a string
:param phone_number: (str) May be formatted "XXX-XXX-XXXX" or "1-XXX-XXX-XXXX"
:return: (str) last four digits
"""
return phone_number[-4:]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('"802-555-1212" last_four_digits returns', last_four_digits("802-555-1212"))
print('"1-410-617-3452" last_four_digits returns', last_four_digits("410-617-3452"))

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def first_last_name(full_name):
""" Returns a tuple with the first and last name.
:param full_name: (str) Contains a first and last name seperated by a space.
There is only a single space in the full_name.
:return: (tuple) Tuple containing first and last names
"""
return tuple(full_name.split(" "))
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('"Billie Holiday" first_last_name returns', first_last_name("Billie Holiday"))
print('"James Brown" first_last_name returns', first_last_name("James Brown"))

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def second_smallest(numbers):
"""Returns the second smallest number
:param numbers: (list) List of numbers of at least size 2
:return: (int or float) The second smallest number
"""
numbers.sort()
return numbers[1]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('[6, 3, 9, 2, 1] second_smallest returns', second_smallest([6, 3, 9, 2, 1]))
print('[23, 23.25, 23.5, 23] second_smallest returns', second_smallest([23, 23.25, 23.5, 23]))

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def area_code(phone_number):
"""Returns the area code of the supplied phone number.
params:
phone_number (string) in the format:
1-XXX-XXX-XXXX
XXX-XXX-XXXX
(XXX)-XXX-XXXX
return: (string) The area code
"""
if phone_number[0] == '(':
return phone_number[1:4]
elif phone_number[0] == '1':
return phone_number[2:5]
else:
return phone_number[:3]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('"1-617-555-1212" area_code returns', area_code("1-617-555-1212"))
print('"802-999-1212" area_code returns', area_code("802-999-1212"))
print('"(802)-999-1212" area_code returns', area_code("(802)-999-1212"))

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# Charlotte Croce
# CSI 160
# Week 6: Lab - Loops
# 2/17/25
# 1. Area Codes
# Given a list of phone numbers that are missing the area code,
# append the area code to the phone numbers in the list and return the result list.
def add_area_code(phone_numbers, area_code):
"""Returns a list of phone numbers with the area code added.
Given a list of phone numbers that are missing the area code,
append the area code to the phone numbers in the list and return the result list.
:param phone_numbers: (list) A list of phone numbers (strings) that do not have the area code
Example: ['555-1212']
:param area_code: (str) The area code to add Example: '802'
:return: (list) A list of phone numbers with the area code Example: ['802-555-1212']
"""
phone_numbers_with_area = phone_numbers.copy()
for i in range(len(phone_numbers_with_area)):
phone_numbers_with_area[i] = area_code + '-' + phone_numbers[i]
return phone_numbers_with_area
# example usage
phone_numbers = ['555-1212', '999-0738']
with_area_code = add_area_code(phone_numbers, '802')
print(with_area_code)
################################################################
# 2. Print even numbers
# Complete the following function to print the even numbers of a list, one per line.
def print_even(numbers):
"""Prints the even numbers in a list, one per line
:param numbers: (list) list of integers
:return: None
"""
for number in numbers:
if number % 2 == 0:
print(number)
print_even([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
################################################################
# 3. Guessing Game
# Extend your guessing game from earlier. Write a program that picks a random number from 1-100. Then ask the user to guess a number.
# Tell the user if the answer is higher or lower than the number they guessed, or if they got the correct answer.
# Allow them to guess again if they got the guess incorrect. They should be able to guess numbers an infinite number
# of times until they get the correct answer, at which point your loop will end.
# To generate a number from 1-100 you will need the following code at the beginning of your program:
from random import randint
def guessing_game():
"""Plays a guessing game where the user guesses a number between 1 and 100
:return: None
"""
randomNum = randint(1, 100)
while True:
guess = int(input("Guess a number 1-100: "))
if guess < randomNum:
print("Higher")
elif guess > randomNum:
print("Lower")
else:
print("Correct!")
break
guessing_game()
################################################################
#4. Backpack of Stuff
#Complete the following code. Fill in the two sections of code identified in the comments.
import sys
def backpack_of_stuff():
"""Allows user to add and check items in a backpack
:return: None
"""
itemsInBackpack = ["book", "computer", "keys", "travel mug"]
while True:
print("Would you like to:")
print("1. Add an item to the backpack?")
print("2. Check if an item is in the backpack?")
print("3. Quit")
userChoice = input()
if(userChoice == "1"):
print("What item do you want to add to the backpack?")
itemToAdd = input()
itemsInBackpack.append(itemToAdd)
if(userChoice == "2"):
print("What item do you want to check to see if it is in the backpack?")
itemToCheck = input()
if itemToCheck in itemsInBackpack:
print("yes, this item is in backpack")
else:
print("no, this item is not in backpack")
if(userChoice == "3"):
#sys.exit()
break
backpack_of_stuff()
################################################################
# 5. Comma Code
# Say you have a list value like this:
# listToPrint = ['apples', 'bananas', 'tofu', 'cats']
#Write a program that prints a list with all the items separated by a comma and a space,
# with and inserted before the last item. For example, the above list would print 'apples, bananas, tofu, and cats'.
# But your program should be able to work with any list not just the one shown above.
# Because of this, you will need to use a loop in case the list to print is shorter or longer than the above list.
# Do not modify the list by inserting 'and' into the list and do not simply print the entire list
# (you must loop through printing each item individually). This problem is trickier than it appears at first glance.
def comma_code(listToPrint):
"""Prints a list with all the items separated by a comma and a space, with 'and' inserted before the last item
:param listToPrint: (list) A list of strings
:return: None
"""
# cases for list being 2, 1, or 0 elements
if len(listToPrint) == 0:
print("List is empty")
return
elif len(listToPrint) == 1:
print(listToPrint[0])
return
elif len(listToPrint) == 2:
print(listToPrint[0] + " and " + listToPrint[1])
return
else:
for i in range(len(listToPrint) - 1): # loop through all but last element
print(listToPrint[i], end=", ")
print("and " + listToPrint[-1]) #print final element of list
comma_code(['apples', 'bananas', 'tofu', 'cats', 'dogs'])

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#1 initialize the loop
x = int(input('What number do you want to start at? '))
# Print countdown using while loop with one number per line
while x > 0:
print(x)
x -= 1

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a = int(input('What number do you want to start at? '))
b = int(input('What number do you want to end at? '))
# Print all numbers from a to b inclusively. Assume (a ≤ b)
while a <= b:
print(a)
a += 1

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def all_squares(n):
"""Returns a list that contains all the squares of positive integers
where the square is less than or equal to N, in ascending order.
:param n: (int) Upper bound
:return: (list) List of squares
"""
squares = []
i = 1
while i * i <= n:
squares.append(i * i)
i += 1
return squares
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('all_squares(50) returns:', all_squares(50))
print('all_squares(9) returns:', all_squares(9))

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def introductions(names):
"""Prints introductions.
An introduction is 'Hello' followed by a space and a name.
Include a newline after each introduction.
Example:
'Hello Josh'
Important: Your function should use print() and not have a return statement
:param names: (list) First Names as strings
:return: None
"""
for name in names:
print("Hello", name)
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
sample_names = input('Enter the names separated by a comma and a space: ').split(', ')
introductions(sample_names)

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def num_distinct_elements(numbers):
"""Determine the number of distinct elements in the list
:param numbers: (list) A list of numbers (int or float)
:return: (int) Number of distinct elements
"""
# Use the function sorted() to temporarily sort the numbers
# into ascending order or use the method .sort() to permanently
# sort the list in ascending order.
numbers.sort()
unique_numbers = 1
for i in range(1, len(numbers)):
if numbers[i] != numbers[i - 1]:
unique_numbers += 1
return unique_numbers
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
test1 = [2, 5, 5, 7,2, 9.5, 2, 4]
print(f'num_distinct_elements({test1}) returns:', num_distinct_elements(test1))
test2 = [2, 1, 1, 7, 1, 9.5, 2, 1]
print(f'num_distinct_elements({test2}) returns:', num_distinct_elements(test2))

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def fibonacci(n):
"""Return the nth Fibonacci number.
param n: (int) position to determine fibonacci of
return: (int) value at position n
"""
fib_numbers = [0, 1]
for i in range(2, n + 1):
fib_numbers.append(fib_numbers[i - 1] + fib_numbers[i - 2])
return fib_numbers[n]
# Leave this part for easily testing your function
print('fibonacci(6) returns:', fibonacci(6), 'expected 8')
print('fibonacci(3) returns:', fibonacci(3), 'expected 2')

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import os
import time
# Constants in are named in all caps (PEP8 Standard)
PLAYER_X = 'X'
PLAYER_O = 'O'
EMPTY = ' '
TIE_GAME = 'tie'
BOARD_SIZE = 3
current_player = PLAYER_X # Player X goes first
# Builds an EMPTY board
board = [[EMPTY,EMPTY,EMPTY],
[EMPTY,EMPTY,EMPTY],
[EMPTY,EMPTY,EMPTY]]
def print_board():
# Clear the screen
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
"""Prints the board to the console"""
print(' 0 1 2')
print(' -------------')
for i, row in enumerate(board):
print(i, end="")
for square in row:
print(' | ' + square, end="")
print(' |')
print(' -------------')
def is_empty(row, col):
"""Returns True/False if a square is EMPTY
params row, col: (int) The row and Column to Check
return: (boolean) If the row is EMPTY
"""
return board[row][col] == EMPTY
def move(player, row, col):
"""Makes a game move
If a move is legal, moves the player to the row and col
and returns True. If a move is illegal, no move is made
and returns False. Hint: Should make use of is_empty()
param player: Either PLAYER_X or PLAYER_O
param row, col: (int) The row and Column to move to
return: (boolean) Success of the move
"""
if is_empty(row, col):
board[row][col] = player
return True
return False
def determine_winner():
"""Determine if there is a winner
return: Returns None if there is no winner.
Returns PLAYER_O or PLAYER_X if one of them won.
Returns 'tie' if noone wins
"""
# Step 1: Check the horizontals looking for a winner.
# If so return winner.
for row in board:
if row[0] == row[1] == row[2] != EMPTY:
return row[0]
# Step 2: Check the verticals looking for a winner
# If so return winner.
for col in range(BOARD_SIZE):
if board[0][col] == board[1][col] == board[2][col] != EMPTY:
return board[0][col]
# Step 3: Check the diagonals looking for a winner
# If so return winner.
if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] != EMPTY:
return board[0][0]
if board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] != EMPTY:
return board[0][2]
# Step 4: Check to see if there are empty squares.
# If there are empty squares, return None because
# noone has won the game yet
# If there are no empty squares return TIE_GAME
# because we didn't find a winner and all moves are made
for row in board:
for col in row:
if col == EMPTY:
return None
return TIE_GAME
while True:
print()
print_board()
print()
print('It is', current_player, 'turn')
row = int(input('What is the row (0-3)? '))
col = int(input('What is the col (0-3)? '))
# Make sure the move is legal, if so make the move
if is_empty(row, col):
move(current_player, row, col)
else:
print('That is not a legal move!')
time.sleep(2)
continue
# Check if there is a winner
winner = determine_winner()
if winner in (PLAYER_O, PLAYER_X):
print_board()
print('Congratulations', winner,'!!! You won!')
print('But you are all winners')
break
if winner == TIE_GAME:
print_board()
print("It's a tie!!!")
break
# Let the other player have a turn
if current_player == PLAYER_O:
current_player = PLAYER_X
else:
current_player = PLAYER_O

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# Step 1. Create dictionary called 'user'
# with the following keys: 'name' and 'location'
# Set the name to 'John Doe'
# Set the location to 'Burlington, VT'
user = {
'name': 'John Doe',
'location': 'Burlington, VT'
}
# Step 2. Ask the user for the user's age
# and create a key/value pair in user to store this
# called 'age'
try:
age = input(f"How old is {user['name']}? ")
except KeyError:
print('"name" not defined as a key in Step 1')
else:
user['age'] = int(age)
print(f"{user['name']} is {user['age']} years old.")
# Step 3
# Create keys "first_name" and "last_name"
# Use .split() to seperate name into firstname and last_name
# Remove the key "name" from the dictionary
first_name, last_name = user['name'].split()
user['first_name'] = first_name
user['last_name'] = last_name
del user['name']
print(f"First name: {user['first_name']}")
print(f"Last name: {user['last_name']}")
# For testing (do not delete)
print('Printing "user":')
print(user)

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def synonym_lookup(word_pairs, word_to_lookup):
"""Returns synonym for the word to word_to_lookup
Complete this function by using a dictionary. For each synonym pair,
you should add both words as keys to your dictionary with the value being the other word.
params:
word_pairs (tuple of tuples): Example: (('Hello', 'Hi'), ('Goodbye','Bye'))
word_to_lookup (string): The word to find a synonym for
return (string): The synonym for the word_to_lookup
"""
synonym_dict = {}
# Create a dictionary with both words in each pair
for word1, word2 in word_pairs:
synonym_dict[word1] = word2
synonym_dict[word2] = word1
# Return the synonym
return synonym_dict.get(word_to_lookup, None)
example_word_pairs = (('Hello', 'Hi'), ('Goodbye','Bye'), ('Snake', 'Serpent'))
print(f'A synonym for "Serpent" is {synonym_lookup(example_word_pairs, "Serpent")}. (Snake expected)')

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final_election_results = {}
def record_candidate_votes(election_results, candidate, num_votes, precinct):
"""Records votes for a particular candidate in one precinct in the election_results.
The precinct is not used for the function currently.
Optional tip: Using method .get() can allow you to avoid needing a if or try statement
params:
election_results (dict): Dictionary to be modified by recording the votes for a candidate in a precinct
cadidate (string): The name of a candidate. Used as the 'key' in the election_results dictionary.
num_votes (int): The number of votes to add to the candidate's total
"""
if candidate in election_results:
# If candidate exists, add to the existing total
election_results[candidate] += num_votes
else:
# If candidate doesn't exist, create a new entry
election_results[candidate] = num_votes
# This section is for testing purposes, do not modify
# FYI: These numbers are made up for example purposes only
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Miro Weinberger', 100, 'Ward 1')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Max Tracy', 140, 'Ward 1')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Ali Dieng', 27, 'Ward 1')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Miro Weinberger', 50, 'Ward 2')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Max Tracy', 150, 'Ward 2')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Ali Dieng', 35, 'Ward 2')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Miro Weinberger', 100, 'Ward 3')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Max Tracy', 100, 'Ward 3')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Ali Dieng', 56, 'Ward 3')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Miro Weinberger', 320, 'Ward 4')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Max Tracy', 213, 'Ward 4')
record_candidate_votes(final_election_results,'Ali Dieng', 175, 'Ward 4')
print(final_election_results)

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import string
from alice import alice_text
def word_frequency(text):
"""Generates a word frequency dictionary for the supplied text. All punctuation is stripped and the case is converted to lowercase.
Example dictionary: {'the': 2, 'cat': 1, 'bit': 1, 'dog': 1}
param text: (string) The text to be analyzed
return: (dict) Word frequency dictionary
"""
# Strip Punctuation
for character in string.punctuation:
text = text.replace(character, "")
# Convert to lower case
text = text.lower()
# Generate a list of all of the words
words = text.split()
word_frequency = {}
for word in words:
if word in word_frequency:
word_frequency[word] += 1
else:
word_frequency[word] = 1
return word_frequency
# Code for testing purposes. Do not modify
short_sentence = "The silly cat is the silly face."
print(f'Analyzing word frequency of "{short_sentence}"')
print(word_frequency("The silly cat is the silly face."))
print()
try:
print('In Alice and Wonderland,')
alice_freq = word_frequency(alice_text)
print(f'The word Alice occurs {alice_freq["alice"]} times')
print(f'The word melancholy occurs {alice_freq["melancholy"]} times')
print(f'{len(alice_freq)} different words are used in the book.')
except Exception as e:
print('Exception raised when analyzing Alice in Wonderland:')
print(e)